Woodland -

Areas that have been continuously wooded since at least 1600 AD. These are irreplaceable habitats with unique soil ecologies and rare species.

The uppermost layer formed by the branches and leaves of mature trees like oak, maple, and beech.

Home to smaller trees and woody shrubs such as hawthorn or hazel, which thrive in filtered light. woodland

Woodlands help clean the air, stabilize soil to prevent erosion, and regulate water cycles to reduce flood risks.

The woodland floor, rich with mosses, fungi, and decaying leaf litter that recycles nutrients back into the soil. Common Types of Woodland Areas that have been continuously wooded since at

Dominated by needle-leaved evergreen trees like pine and fir, typically found in colder climates.

Woodlands are typically structured into four distinct horizontal layers, each supporting unique life forms: Home to smaller trees and woody shrubs such

Occurs on waterlogged or seasonally flooded soils, featuring specialized trees like willow, alder, and birch.