Distinctive Features — Schema Therapy:

Schema Therapy (ST) is an integrative approach developed by Jeffrey Young to address chronic, characterological issues, such as personality disorders, that often do not respond to traditional Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). The framework distinguishes itself through techniques like limited reparenting, empathic confrontation, and the use of chairwork and imagery to treat deep-rooted maladaptive schemas. For a deeper dive into the specific points of the model, you may find the standard text Schema Therapy: Distinctive Features by Eshkol Rafaeli, David P. Bernstein, and Jeffrey Young useful. Beck's Cognitive Therapy: Distinctive Features [2