Bovidae

: They lack upper incisors and canines; instead, they have a thick dental pad used to grip vegetation.

: Bovids have a specialized four-chambered stomach (rumen, reticulum, omasum, and abomasum) designed for fermenting and digesting tough plant cellulose. bovidae

The family is a massive and diverse group of cloven-hoofed ruminants that includes familiar animals like cattle, sheep, goats, and bison, as well as a wide array of antelopes. There are approximately 143 living species today, with hundreds more known from the fossil record. Key Biological Characteristics : They lack upper incisors and canines; instead,

While bovids are native to Africa, Asia, Europe, and North America, the . They occupy nearly every land environment, including: and North America

: Such as the Saharan oryx and North American bison.