Explores how a prolonged, severe megadrought in the 9th century crippled agricultural systems, leading to the abandonment of great cities like Tikal.
Disasters rarely act alone; they exploit existing weaknesses.
Investigates the catastrophic volcanic eruption of Thera (Santorini) and the subsequent tsunamis that devastated the maritime power of Crete.
Failure of crops leads to famine, which triggers social unrest and the loss of faith in leaders who "controlled" the gods of nature. 2. Geological Catastrophes
Examines the geological evidence for earthquakes and bitumen explosions in the Dead Sea region as a factual basis for the biblical "fire and brimstone." Analytical Framework: Why Civilizations Collapse
