to the internal energy. Note: This fails at low temperatures where quantum effects "freeze out" degrees of freedom. Conclusion
The Zeroeth Law: Thermal EquilibriumThe existence of temperature ( A Guide to Physics Problems. Part 2. Thermodyna...
: Ideal for constant pressure chemistry problems.Helmholtz Free Energy : The bridge to statistical mechanics.Gibbs Free Energy : Used for phase transitions and open systems. to the internal energy