This era saw the birth of the national ideology aiming to unite all Greeks living under Ottoman rule within a single state. It dominated foreign policy for the next 80 years.
Heavily agrarian initially, with periodic bankruptcies (1843, 1893) and slow industrialization. This era saw the birth of the national
This era ended on a high note in 1920, though it set the stage for the disastrous Asia Minor Campaign (1919–1922) that would follow shortly after. with periodic bankruptcies (1843